T1: ENERGY IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

• Utilization of excess heat
• Optimization of energy in production processes – Sector coupling
• Energy storage

RENEWABLE AND LOW-CARBON ENERGY SOURCES

• Energy use of biogenic sources
• Synthetic energy carriers
• Renewable and low-carbon energy sources
• Electrification

T2: SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS & FUNCTIONAL BIOCOMPOSITES

BY-PRODUCTS AND RESIDUES FROM BIOMASS PROCESSING

• Mobilization and valorization of biomass residues of plant and animal origin
• Optimization of raw material consumption
• Conversion of residues into biomaterials/bio-products with high added value

BY-PRODUCTS AND RESIDUES OF NON-BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN

• Optimization of raw material consumption
• Recovery of critical materials from waste
• Conversion of residues into secondary raw materials and development of materials/products with high added value

T4: GREEN PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Flexibility and scalability of technologies
• Integration of net-zero principles
• Biorefineries
• Circular use of CO₂
• Development of hydrogen technologies

T5: CIRCULAR BUSINESS MODELS

• Sustainable decision-making
• Standardization
• “Safe and sustainable design”
• Digitalization